Streptococcus gordonii Modulates Candida albicans Biofilm Formation through Intergeneric Communication
Open Access
- 1 September 2009
- journal article
- Published by American Society for Microbiology in Infection and Immunity
- Vol. 77 (9), 3696-3704
- https://doi.org/10.1128/iai.00438-09
Abstract
The fungus Candida albicans colonizes human oral cavity surfaces in conjunction with a complex microflora. C. albicans SC5314 formed biofilms on saliva-coated surfaces that in early stages of development consisted of ∼30% hyphal forms. In mixed biofilms with the oral bacterium Streptococcus gordonii DL1, hyphal development by C. albicans was enhanced so that biofilms consisted of ∼60% hyphal forms. Cell-cell contact between S. gordonii and C. albicans involved Streptococcus cell wall-anchored proteins SspA and SspB (antigen I/II family polypeptides). Repression of C. albicans hyphal filament and biofilm production by the quorum-sensing molecule farnesol was relieved by S. gordonii . The ability of a luxS mutant of S. gordonii deficient in production of autoinducer 2 to induce C. albicans hyphal formation was reduced, and this mutant suppressed farnesol inhibition of hyphal formation less effectively. Coincubation of the two microbial species led to activation of C. albicans mitogen-activated protein kinase Cek1p, inhibition of Mkc1p activation by H 2 O 2 , and enhanced activation of Hog1p by farnesol, which were direct effects of streptococci on morphogenetic signaling. These results suggest that interactions between C. albicans and S. gordonii involve physical (adherence) and chemical (diffusible) signals that influence the development of biofilm communities. Thus, bacteria may play a significant role in modulating Candida carriage and infection processes in the oral cavity.Keywords
This publication has 78 references indexed in Scilit:
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa - Candida albicans Interactions: Localization and Fungal Toxicity of a Phenazine DerivativeApplied and Environmental Microbiology, 2009
- Hydrogen Peroxide Induces Hyphal Differentiation in Candida albicansEukaryotic Cell, 2008
- Molecular mechanisms of mechanosensing and their roles in fungal contact sensingNature Reviews Microbiology, 2008
- Interaction of Porphyromonas gingivalis with Oral Streptococci Requires a Motif That Resembles the Eukaryotic Nuclear Receptor Box Protein-Protein Interaction DomainInfection and Immunity, 2008
- Autoinducer-2 Triggers the Oxidative Stress Response in Mycobacterium avium , Leading to Biofilm FormationApplied and Environmental Microbiology, 2008
- Role of Streptococcus gordonii Surface Proteins SspA/SspB and Hsa in Platelet FunctionInfection and Immunity, 2007
- Genome-Wide Transcriptional Profiling of the Cyclic AMP-Dependent Signaling Pathway during Morphogenic Transitions of Candida albicansEukaryotic Cell, 2007
- A novel DSF-like signal from Burkholderia cenocepacia interferes with Candida albicans morphological transitionThe ISME Journal, 2007
- Neonatal Coinfection Model of Coagulase-Negative Staphylococcus ( Staphylococcus epidermidis ) and Candida albicans : Fluconazole Prophylaxis Enhances Survival and GrowthAntimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 2007
- Production of Tyrosol by Candida albicans Biofilms and Its Role in Quorum Sensing and Biofilm DevelopmentEukaryotic Cell, 2006