Efficacy of Essential Oils on Fungi Isolated from Archaeological Objects in Saqqara Excavation, Egypt
- 24 December 2018
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Taylor & Francis Ltd in Geomicrobiology Journal
- Vol. 36 (2), 148-168
- https://doi.org/10.1080/01490451.2018.1520938
Abstract
The archeological objects constitute an important part of the worldwide cultural heritage. The impact of the fungal activity on the deterioration of cultural heritage is a global problem and their preservation over time is a challenging task. Antifungal activities of 12 essential oils (EOs) (black cumin, castor, cinnamon, clove, cumin, garlic, geranium, lavender, lemongrass, menthe, olive, and thyme) were examined against 16 fungal species isolated from three tested archaeological objects (wall painting stone, wooden statue, and pottery coffin) from Saqqara stores in Egypt. Molecular identification was carried out for the highly frequent species (Aspergillus niger, A. flavus and Rhizopus oryzae) in the three tested archaeological samples. Antifungal activity and minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the tested EOs with different concentrations (0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1 μl/ml) were measured. The most efficient EOs were thyme (MIC ranged from 0.25–0.75μl/ml) followed by clove (MIC ranged from 0.25–1 μl/ml) and geranium, (MIC ranged from 0.5–1 μl/ml). Thymol (37.1%) and p-Cymene (26.32%) were the active constituents of thyme, while Triacetin (69.36%) and eugenol (28.67) were the most efficient components of clove oil followed by geranium active components (à-Citronellol 20.62% and Geraniol 14.43%). Aspergillus niger was the most resistance species, while Fusarium oxysporum and Penicilium citrinium were the most susceptible ones.Keywords
This publication has 101 references indexed in Scilit:
- Effect of Essential Oils on Pathogenic BacteriaPharmaceuticals, 2013
- Microscopic, chemical, and molecular-biological investigation of the decayed medieval stained window glasses of two Catalonian churchesInternational Biodeterioration & Biodegradation, 2013
- Aerobiological investigations inside repositories of the National Archive of the Republic of CubaAerobiologia, 2011
- Morphological Changes of the Filamentous Fungus Mucor Mucedo and Inhibition of Chitin Synthase Activity Induced by AnetholePhytotherapy Research, 2011
- Chemical composition and antifungal activity of Illicium verum and Eugenia caryophyllata essential oilsChemistry of Natural Compounds, 2009
- Antifungal activity of thyme, summer savory and clove essential oils against Aspergillus flavus in liquid medium and tomato pasteFood Control, 2007
- Inhibitory effects of selected plant essential oils on the growth of four pathogenic bacteria: E. coli O157:H7, Salmonella Typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenesFood Control, 2007
- Chemical polymorphism and antifungal activity of essential oils from leaves of different provenances of indigenous cinnamon (Cinnamomum osmophloeum)Bioresource Technology, 2006
- Antifungal Activity of Selected Essential Oils, Cinnamaldehyde and Carvacrol againstMalassezia furfurandCandida albicansJournal of Essential Oil Research, 1999
- Studies on the Mechanism of the Antimicrobial Action of Oleuropein*Journal of Applied Bacteriology, 1972