Unoccupied bulk, surface, and image states on Ni(001), Ni(111), and Ni(110)

Abstract

A reanalysis of recent inverse-photoemission data on Ni using an empirical band structure shows that the bulk band structure seen in inverse photoemission does not differ significantly from that seen in photoemission. The systematics of surface-state occurrence are in agreement with a recent phase-analysis model. The occurrence of a zone-boundary image state near Y¯ for Ni(110) is discussed. Its relatively flat dispersion curve is predicted by the phase model and is dominated by perpendicular effects rather than surface corrugation.