Ethephon-induced changes in antioxidants and phenolic compounds in anthocyanin-producing black carrot hairy root cultures
- 31 December 2020
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Oxford University Press (OUP) in Journal of Experimental Botany
- Vol. 71 (22), 7030-7045
- https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/eraa376
Abstract
Hairy root (HR) cultures are quickly evolving as a fundamental research tool and as a bio-based production system for secondary metabolites. In this study, an efficient protocol for establishment and elicitation of anthocyanin-producing HR cultures from black carrot was established. Taproot and hypocotyl explants of four carrot cultivars were transformed using wild-type Rhizobium rhizogenes. HR growth performance on plates was monitored to identify three fast-growing HR lines, two originating from root explants (lines NB-R and 43-R) and one from a hypocotyl explant (line 43-H). The HR biomass accumulated 25- to 30-fold in liquid media over a 4 week period. Nine anthocyanins and 24 hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives were identified and monitored using UPLC-PDA-TOF during HR growth. Adding ethephon, an ethylene-releasing compound, to the HR culture substantially increased the anthocyanin content by up to 82% in line 43-R and hydroxycinnamic acid concentrations by >20% in line NB-R. Moreover, the activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione S-transferase increased in the HRs in response to ethephon, which could be related to the functionality and compartmentalization of anthocyanins. These findings present black carrot HR cultures as a platform for the in vitro production of anthocyanins and antioxidants, and provide new insight into the regulation of secondary metabolism in black carrot.Keywords
Funding Information
- Danish Ministry of Science, Innovation, and Education (6111-00240B)
- ‘Fundación Séneca’
- Agency of Science and Technology of the Region of Murcia (20405/SF/17)
- Laboratoire de Biologie de la Rhizosphère
- INRA
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