Hydrogen sulfide protects neurons from oxidative stress
- 7 May 2004
- journal article
- Published by Wiley in The FASEB Journal
- Vol. 18 (10), 1165-1167
- https://doi.org/10.1096/fj.04-1815fje
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), which is a well-known toxic gas, is found in relatively high concentrations in the brain. Although a neuromodulatory role of H2S has been demonstrated, little is known of its other biological functions. Here we show that H2S protects primary cultures of neurons from death in a well-studied model of oxidative stress caused by glutamate, a process called oxidative glutamate toxicity--or oxytosis. We found that H2S increases the glutathione levels, which normally decrease during the cell death cascade, by enhancing the activity of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase and up-regulating cystine transport. Cystine (cysteine) is the rate-limiting substrate of glutathione synthesis. These observations reveal that H2S protects neurons from oxytosis by increasing the production of the antioxidant glutathione.Keywords
This publication has 31 references indexed in Scilit:
- Hydrogen sulfide induces calcium waves in astrocytesThe FASEB Journal, 2004
- Oxytosis: A Novel Form of Programmed Cell DeathCurrent Topics in Medicinal Chemistry, 2001
- The Role of Monoamine Metabolism in Oxidative Glutamate ToxicityJournal of Neuroscience, 1996
- The possible role of hydrogen sulfide as an endogenous neuromodulatorJournal of Neuroscience, 1996
- Protein kinase C activation inhibits glutamate-induced cytotoxicity in a neuronal cell lineBrain Research, 1994
- Determination of sulfide in brain tissue and rumen fluid by ion-interaction reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographyJournal of Chromatography B: Biomedical Sciences and Applications, 1990
- Glutamate toxicity in a neuronal cell line involves inhibition of cystine transport leading to oxidative stressNeuron, 1989
- Acute hydrogen sulfide poisoning: Demonstration of selective uptake of sulfide by the brainstem by measurement of brain sulfide levelsBiochemical Pharmacology, 1989
- Determination of Sulfide in Brain Tissue by Gas Dialysis/Ion Chromatography: Postmortem Studies and Two Case ReportsJournal of Analytical Toxicology, 1989
- Glutamate neurotoxicity and diseases of the nervous systemNeuron, 1988