Pathogenic implication of epidermal scratch injury in psoriasis and atopic dermatitis
- 1 September 2020
- journal article
- review article
- Published by Wiley in The Journal of Dermatology
- Vol. 47 (9), 979-988
- https://doi.org/10.1111/1346-8138.15507
Abstract
Mechanical scratching, a common external stress affecting the skin, is induced by various causes, such as pruritus. Scratch injury to epidermal keratinocytes upregulates the production and release of chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 20 (CCL20)in vitro, which selectively chemoattracts interleukin (IL)-17A-producing immune cells that express chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 6 (CCR6). In IL-17A-dominant psoriasis, scratch-induced CCL20 upregulation and subsequent accumulation of IL-17A-producing immune cells and CCR6(+)mature dendritic cells may trigger the development of psoriatic lesions, a process known as the Koebner phenomenon. In IL-4/IL-13-dominant atopic dermatitis, pruritus and subsequent scratching are the primary symptoms. Scratch-induced CCL20 production from keratinocytes may explain why IL-17A levels are also elevated in atopic dermatitis. In contrast, mechanical scratching is likely to negatively regulate IL-13 signaling by upregulating the expression of IL-13 receptor alpha 2, which serves as a decoy receptor for IL-13 in keratinocytes. In this review, we summarize current reports on topics related to the pathogenic role of epidermal scratch injury in psoriasis and atopic dermatitis.Keywords
Funding Information
- The Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, Japan (H30-Shokuhin-Shitei-005)
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