Evaluation of modernisation of adult critical care services in England: time series and cost effectiveness analysis

Abstract
In 2000, the Department of Health in England initiated ‘modernizations’ in adult critical care units, which consisted of (1) an increase in critical care beds, (2) establishment of critical care networks, (3) implementation of critical care outreach services, and (4) implementation of ventilator bundles. As a result, units’ mortality decreased by 11.3%, unplanned discharge at night was also decreased, and cost effectiveness analysis...