Free and Conjugated Estrogen Exports in Surface‐Runoff from Poultry Litter–Amended Soil
- 1 September 2010
- journal article
- Published by Wiley in Journal of Environmental Quality
- Vol. 39 (5), 1688-1698
- https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2009.0339
Abstract
Land application of animal manures such as poultry litter is a common practice, especially in states with surplus manure. Past studies have shown that animal manure may contain estrogens, which are classified as endocrine-disrupting chemicals and may pose a threat to aquatic and wildlife species. We evaluated the concentrations of estrogens in surface runoff from experimental plots (5 × 12 m each) receiving raw and pelletized poultry litter. We evaluated the free (estrone, E1; 17β-estradiol, E2β; estriol, E3) and conjugate forms (glucuronides and sulfates) of estrogens, which differ in their toxicity. Sampling was performed for 10 natural storm events over a 4-mo period (April –July 2008). Estrogen concentrations were screened using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), followed by quantification using liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS). Concentrations of estrogens from ELISA were much higher than the LC/MS/MS values, indicating cross-reactivity with organic compounds. Exports of estrogens were much lower from soils amended with pelletized poultry litter than the raw form of the litter. No-tillage management practice also resulted in a lower export of estrogens with surface runoff compared with reduced tillage. The concentrations and exports of conjugate forms of estrogens were much higher than the free forms for some treatments, indicating that the conjugate forms should be considered for a comprehensive assessment of the threat posed by estrogens. Copyright © 2010. American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, Soil Science Society . American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of AmericaKeywords
Funding Information
- U.S. Department of Agriculture
- University of Delaware
This publication has 34 references indexed in Scilit:
- Transport and Fate of Estrogenic Hormones in Slurry-treated Soil MonolithsJournal of Environmental Quality, 2009
- Leaching of Estrogenic Hormones from Manure-Treated Structured SoilsEnvironmental Science & Technology, 2007
- Field study using two immunoassays for the determination of estradiol and ethinylestradiol in the aquatic environmentWater Research, 2006
- NUTRIENT AND ?17-ESTRADIOL LOSS IN RUNOFF WATER FROM POULTRY LITTERSJawra Journal of the American Water Resources Association, 2005
- Comparison of Three Enzyme Immunoassays for Measuring 17β-Estradiol in Flushed Dairy Manure WastewaterJournal of Environmental Quality, 2004
- 17β‐Estradiol and Testosterone in Soil and Runoff from Grasslands Amended with Broiler LitterJournal of Environmental Quality, 2000
- Runoff of Estrogen Hormone 17β‐Estradiol from Poultry Litter Applied to PastureJournal of Environmental Quality, 1997
- Developmental effects of endocrine-disrupting chemicals in wildlife and humans.Environmental Health Perspectives, 1993
- Effects of estradiol-17β on gonadal sex differentiation in two species of salmonids, the masu salmon, Oncorhynchus masou, and the chum salmon, O. ketaAquaculture, 1984
- No‐tillage Effects on Soil Properties under Different Crops in Western NigeriaSoil Science Society of America Journal, 1976