Aerogenous Metastases: A Potential Game Changer in the Diagnosis and Management of Primary Lung Adenocarcinoma
- 1 December 2014
- journal article
- review article
- Published by American Roentgen Ray Society in American Journal of Roentgenology
- Vol. 203 (6), W570-W582
- https://doi.org/10.2214/ajr.13.12088
Abstract
The purposes of this article are to summarize the relevant literature on aerogenous metastasis, explain the putative pathogenetic mechanism of aerogenous spread, present the characteristic imaging and pathologic features, and review the importance of aerogenous spread to staging and clinical management.Cumulative evidence suggests that aerogenous spread may exist and is underrecognized. Imaging features are helpful in differentiating possible aerogenous spread of tumor from hematogenous and lymphatic metastases and from synchronous primary tumors. The putative occurrence of intrapulmonary aerogenous metastasis of lung cancer has staging, management, and prognostic implications.Keywords
This publication has 83 references indexed in Scilit:
- Approach to the Patient with Multiple Lung NodulesThoracic Surgery Clinics, 2013
- Global burden of cancer in 2008: a systematic analysis of disability-adjusted life-years in 12 world regionsThe Lancet, 2012
- Estimates of worldwide burden of cancer in 2008: GLOBOCAN 2008International Journal of Cancer, 2010
- The International Epidemiology of Lung Cancer: Geographical Distribution and Secular TrendsJournal of Thoracic Oncology, 2008
- International lung cancer trends by histologic type: Male:Female differences diminishing and adenocarcinoma rates risingInternational Journal of Cancer, 2005
- Laminin 5 expression protects against anoikis at aerogenous spread and lepidic growth of human lung adenocarcinomaInternational Journal of Cancer, 2005
- Dissemination and growth of cancer cells in metastatic sitesNature Reviews Cancer, 2002
- Atypical Pulmonary Metastases: Spectrum of Radiologic FindingsRadioGraphics, 2001
- Lung metastasesEuropean Radiology, 1996
- Cell Incohesiveness and Pattern of Extension in a Rare Case of Bronchioloalveolar CarcinomaUltrastructural Pathology, 1980