Measurement of serum paraoxonase-1 activity in the evaluation of liver function
Open Access
- 1 January 2009
- journal article
- Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. in World Journal of Gastroenterology
- Vol. 15 (16), 1929-1933
- https://doi.org/10.3748/wjg.15.1929
Abstract
Paraoxonase-1 (PON1) is an esterase and lactonase synthesized by the liver and found in the circulation associated with high-density lipoproteins. The physiological function of PON1 seems to be to degrade specific oxidized cholesteryl esters and oxidized phospholipids in lipoproteins and cell membranes. PON1 is, therefore, an antioxidant enzyme. Alterations in circulating PON1 levels have been reported in a variety of diseases involving oxidative stress including chronic liver diseases. Measurement of serum PON1 activity has been proposed as a potential test for the evaluation of liver function. However, this measurement is still restricted to research and has not been extensively applied in routine clinical chemistry laboratories. The reason for this restriction is due to the problem that the substrate commonly used for PON1 measurement, paraoxon, is toxic and unstable. The recent development of new assays with non-toxic substrates makes this proposal closer to a practical development. The present editorial summarizes PON1 biochemistry and function, its involvement with chronic liver impairment, and some aspects related to the measurement of PON1 activity in circulation.Keywords
This publication has 50 references indexed in Scilit:
- The development of human sera tests for HDL-bound serum PON1 and its lipolactonase activityJournal of Lipid Research, 2007
- Ethanol and fish oil induce NFκB transactivation of the collagen α2(I) promoter through lipid peroxidation–driven activation of the PKC-PI3K-Akt pathwayHepatology, 2007
- Paraoxonase-2 Reduces Oxidative Stress in Vascular Cells and Decreases Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress–Induced Caspase ActivationCirculation, 2007
- Alcohol and lipid metabolismJournal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 2006
- Human paraoxonases (PON1, PON2, and PON3) are lactonases with overlapping and distinct substrate specificitiesJournal of Lipid Research, 2005
- A hepatitis C virus-encoded, nonstructural protein (NS3) triggers dysfunction and apoptosis in lymphocytes: role of NADPH oxidase-derived oxygen radicalsJournal of Leukocyte Biology, 2004
- Paraoxonase inhibits high-density lipoprotein oxidation and preserves its functions. A possible peroxidative role for paraoxonase.JCI Insight, 1998
- Rat liver paraoxonase: Subcellular distribution and characterizationChemico-Biological Interactions, 1993
- Partial purification of paraoxonase from rat liverChemico-Biological Interactions, 1993
- Characteristics and behaviour of arylesterase in human serum and liverEuropean Journal of Clinical Investigation, 1977