High Diagnostic Yield of Tuberculosis From Screening Urine Samples From HIV-Infected Patients With Advanced Immunodeficiency Using The Xpert MTB/RIF Assay
Open Access
- 1 July 2012
- journal article
- clinical trial
- Published by Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) in JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes
- Vol. 60 (3), 289-294
- https://doi.org/10.1097/qai.0b013e318258c6af
Abstract
We determined the diagnostic yield of the Xpert MTB/RIF assay for tuberculosis (TB) when testing small volumes of urine from ambulatory HIV-infected patients before starting antiretroviral therapy in South Africa. Compared with a gold standard of sputum culture, the sensitivity of urine Xpert among those with CD4 cell counts of 100 cells per microliter were 44.4%, 25.0%, and 2.7% (P = 0.001), respectively. Urine Xpert testing provides a means of rapid TB diagnosis in patients with advanced immunodeficiency and poor prognosis. These data are indicative of high rates of TB dissemination and renal involvement in this clinical population.Keywords
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