Influence of Rifampicin on Antihypertensive Effects of Dihydropiridine Calcium-channel Blockers in Four Elderly Patients.

Abstract

Rifamicin, an antituberculosis agent, is one of the most potent inducers of hepatic drug-oxidation enzymes. Rifampicin can reduce the efficacy of several therapeutically important drugs (including verapamil and diltiazem) by accelerating systemic elimination or by increasing hepatic first-pass metabolism. Because dihydropyridine calcium-channel blockers are mainly metabolized by the liver, rifampicin may also increase the extraction of these drugs and thereby reduce their antihypertensive effects. Here we report four possible cases of interaction between rifampicin and dihydropiridine calcium-channel blockers. Rifampicin was given to treat tuberculosis in four elderly hypertensive patients whose blood pressure was well-controlled by one or more dihydropiridine calcium-channel blockers (nisoldipine, nifedipine, or barnidipine and manidipine), shortly after the start of antituberculosis therapy, their blood pressures rose. Either much greater doses of dihydropyridines or additional antihypertensive agents had to be given to keep blood pressure under control. After withdrawal of rifampicin, blood pressure fell in all patients and the doses of the antihypertensive agents had to be reduced. These findings indicate that rifampicin may lessen the antihypertensive effects of dihydropiridine calcium-channel blockers.