Sepsis and Cardiomyopathy as Rare Clinical Manifestations of Pheochromocytoma – Two Case Report Studies

Abstract

The clinical manifestation of pheochromocytomas is highly variable and can closely resemble numerous clinical conditions. Here, we report on two cases of patients with pheochromocytoma, which manifested as sepsis or cardiomyopathy. The first patient initially presented with bacterial urosepsis due to klebsiella oxytoca. Despite effective antibiotic therapy, the patient developed recurring fever accompanied by hypertension. The inconsistency between therapy-refractory hypertension and fever indicated the possibility of excessive catecholamine production. In the second case, the patient presented with a suspected ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction accompanied by E. coli sepsis and a previously undiagnosed unilateral tumor mass of the adrenal gland. Severely impaired myocardial contraction of the apical anterior and inferior regions without significant coronary artery disease was consistent with the Takotsubo cardiomyopathy, a known transient functional myocardial complication associated with pheochromocytoma. Both patients were diagnosed with unilateral pheochromocytoma. Following pre-operative antihypertensive therapy, both patients were cured by surgery and still remain free of disease after two years of follow-up.