Pore structure analysis of swollen dextran-methacrylate hydrogels by SEM and mercury intrusion porosimetry

Abstract

The objectives of this study were to visually examine the surface and interior morphology of a new class of biodegradable hydrogels based on dextran‐methacrylate and to quantify the porous structure of these hydrogels in swollen state. Two techniques (scanning electron microscopy and mercury intrusion porosimetry) were used to analyze pore structure of dextran‐methacrylate hydrogels as a function of the degree of methacrylate substitution. SEM was used to observe 3‐dimensional network structure of cryofixed and fractured swollen dextran‐methacrylate hydrogels. Image analysis of the SEM data revealed different pore shapes and sizes, depending on the degree of substitution and the location within the hydrogel. A higher methacrylate‐substituted dextran hydrogel showed a compact and rigid pore structure, while a lower substituted hydrogel showed a delicate and fragile pore structure. Mercury intrusion porosimetry analysis of the pore structure of dextran‐methacrylate hydrogels provided useful and more reliable quantitative data of pore characteristics, such as total pore area, average pore diameter, their distribution, and bulk density. The total pore area and average pore diameter of swollen dextran‐methacrylate hydrogels decreased with an increase in degree of methacrylate substitution, while bulk density increased with an increase in degree of substitution. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res (Appl Biomater) 53: 258–266, 2000