Combination of subcutaneous levonorgestrel implants and transdermal dihydrotestosterone gel for male hormonal contraception

Abstract

The primary aim of the present study was to determine the therapeutic dose of subcutaneous levonorgestrel (LNG) to induce azoospermia or severe oligozoospermia (20 million/mL. There were no changes in blood count, lipid profile, liver function tests, prostate-specific antigen (PSA), sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), prolactin or cortisol. The mixed antiglobulin reaction (MAR)-IgG, MAR-IgA or tray agglutination test (TAT) did not change during any of the treatments. The present study shows that the LNG implants themselves are well-tolerated by men and safe, and might be suitable for replacing part of the testosterone used as injections to reduce the androgen dose during male hormonal contraception. The DHT gel was considered as quite or very uncomfortable by 66% of the men because of feeling cold during the time it was on the skin, but noncompliance in using the gel was not reported by the men.