Determination of optimal immobilizing doses of a medetomidine hydrochloride and ketamine hydrochloride combination in captive reindeer
- 1 January 2001
- journal article
- Published by American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA) in American Journal of Veterinary Research
- Vol. 62 (1), 119-126
- https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.2001.62.119
Abstract
Objective—To establish optimal immobilizing doses of medetomidine hydrochloride (MED) with ketamine hydrochloride (KET) for hand- and dart-administered injections in captive reindeer. Animals—12 healthy 6- to 9-month-old reindeer ( Rangifer tarandus tarandus). Procedure—An optimal dose was defined as a dose resulting in an induction time of 150 to 210 seconds, measured from the time of IM injection until recumbency. Initially, each stalled reindeer was immobilized by hand-administered injection. If the induction time was > 210 seconds, the dose was doubled for the next immobilization procedure. If it was < 150 seconds, the dose was halved for the next immobilization procedure. This iteration procedure was continued for each reindeer until an optimal dose was found. Later the reindeer was placed in a paddock and darted with its optimal dose as determined by hand-administered injection. Adjusting to a linear relationship between dose and induction time, optimal darting doses for each reindeer were predicted and later verified. Results—The established mean optimal hand- and dart-administered doses were 0.10 mg of MED/kg of body mass with 0.50 mg of KET/kg, and 0.15 mg of MED/kg with 0.75 mg of KET/kg, producing mean induction times of 171 seconds and 215 seconds, respectively. The mean induction time after darting was 5 seconds greater than the upper limit of the predefined time interval. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—The higher dose requirement of MED-KET administration outdoors, compared with indoors, was explained by factors inherent in the darting technique and the different confinements. The iteration and the prediction methods seem applicable for determination of optimal doses of MED-KET in reindeer. The iteration and the prediction procedures may be used to reduce the number of experimental animals in dose-response studies in other species. ( Am J Vet Res 2001;62:119–126)Keywords
This publication has 8 references indexed in Scilit:
- Reproducibility and stability of normalized EMG measurements on musculus trapeziusErgonomics, 1996
- Atipamezole increases medetomidine clearance in the dog: an agonist—antagonist interactionJournal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 1995
- Postpartum Immobilization of Adult Female Moose using Xylazine, Ketamine and Yohimbine HydrochloridesJournal of Wildlife Diseases, 1994
- Immobilization of Norwegian Reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus) and Svalbard Reindeer (R. t. platyrhynchus) with Medetomidine and Medetomidine-Ketamine and Reversal of Immobilization with AtipamezoleActa Veterinaria Scandinavica, 1990
- Practical Statistics for Medical ResearchPublished by Informa UK Limited ,1990
- STATISTICAL METHODS FOR ASSESSING AGREEMENT BETWEEN TWO METHODS OF CLINICAL MEASUREMENTThe Lancet, 1986
- Factors Influencing the Sample Size, Exemplified by Studies on Gastroduodenal Tolerability of DrugsScandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology, 1985
- Measurement in Medicine: The Analysis of Method Comparison StudiesJournal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series D (The Statistician), 1983