Pathophysiology of anthrax
- 1 January 2009
- journal article
- review article
- Published by IMR Press in Frontiers in Bioscience-Landmark
- Vol. ume (14), 4516-24
- https://doi.org/10.2741/3544
Abstract
Infection by Bacillus anthracis in animals and humans results from accidental or intentional exposure, by oral, cutaneous or pulmonary routes, to spores, which are normally present in the soil. Treatment includes administration of antibiotics, vaccination or treatment with antibody to the toxin. A better understanding of the molecular basis of the processes involved in the pathogenesis of anthrax namely, spore germination in macrophages and biological effects of the secreted toxins on heart and blood vessels will lead to improved management of infected animals and patients. Controlling germination will be feasible by inhibiting macrophage paralysis and cell death. On the other hand, the control of terminal hypotension might be achieved by inhibition of cardiomyocyte mitogen-activated protein kinase and stimulation of vessel cAMP.Keywords
This publication has 38 references indexed in Scilit:
- Anthrax lethal toxin-induced inflammasome formation and caspase-1 activation are late events dependent on ion fluxes and the proteasomeCellular Microbiology, 2007
- Anthrax Toxins Induce Shock in Rats by Depressed Cardiac Ventricular FunctionPLOS ONE, 2007
- Non‐uniform assembly of the Bacillus anthracis exosporium and a bottle cap model for spore germination and outgrowthMolecular Microbiology, 2007
- Anthrax Toxin Receptor 2–Dependent Lethal Toxin Killing In VivoPLoS Pathogens, 2006
- Anthrax Lethal Toxin Impairs Innate Immune Functions of Alveolar Macrophages and Facilitates Bacillus anthracis SurvivalInfection and Immunity, 2006
- Detection of Anthrax Toxin in the Serum of Animals Infected with Bacillus anthracis by Using Engineered ImmunoassaysClinical and Vaccine Immunology, 2006
- BRAF status and mitogen-activated protein/extracellular signal-regulated kinase kinase 1/2 activity indicate sensitivity of melanoma cells to anthrax lethal toxinMolecular Cancer Therapeutics, 2005
- AnthraxDermatologic Clinics, 2004
- Lethality during continuous anthrax lethal toxin infusion is associated with circulatory shock but not inflammatory cytokine or nitric oxide release in ratsAmerican Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology, 2004
- Immune system paralysis by anthrax lethal toxin: the roles of innate and adaptive immunityThe Lancet Infectious Diseases, 2004