Elevated Zeaxanthin Bound to Oligomeric LHCII Enhances the Resistance of Arabidopsis to Photooxidative Stress by a Lipid-protective, Antioxidant Mechanism
Open Access
- 1 August 2007
- journal article
- Published by Elsevier BV in Journal of Biological Chemistry
- Vol. 282 (31), 22605-22618
- https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m702831200
Abstract
The xanthophyll cycle has a major role in protecting plants from photooxidative stress, although the mechanism of its action is unclear. Here, we have investigated Arabidopsis plants overexpressing a gene encoding β-carotene hydroxylase, containing nearly three times the amount of xanthophyll cycle carotenoids present in the wild-type. In high light at low temperature wild-type plants exhibited symptoms of severe oxidative stress: lipid peroxidation, chlorophyll bleaching, and photoinhibition. In transformed plants, which accumulate over twice as much zeaxanthin as the wild-type, these symptoms were significantly ameliorated. The capacity of non-photochemical quenching is not significantly different in transformed plants compared with wild-type and therefore an enhancement of this process cannot be the cause of the stress tolerant phenotype. Rather, it is concluded that it results from the antioxidant effect of zeaxanthin. 80–90% of violaxanthin and zeaxanthin in wild-type and transformed plants was localized to an oligomeric LHCII fraction prepared from thylakoid membranes. The binding of these pigments in intact membranes was confirmed by resonance Raman spectroscopy. Based on the structural model of LHCII, we suggest that the protein/lipid interface is the active site for the antioxidant activity of zeaxanthin, which mediates stress tolerance by the protection of bound lipids.Keywords
This publication has 73 references indexed in Scilit:
- Lack of the Light-Harvesting Complex CP24 Affects the Structure and Function of the Grana Membranes of Higher Plant ChloroplastsPlant Cell, 2006
- Differential Expression and Localization of Early Light-Induced Proteins in ArabidopsisPlant Physiology, 2006
- Suppression of Both ELIP1 and ELIP2 in Arabidopsis Does Not Affect Tolerance to Photoinhibition and Photooxidative StressPlant Physiology, 2006
- Singlet oxygen and photo‐oxidative stress management in plants and algaePlant, Cell & Environment, 2005
- Crystal structure of spinach major light-harvesting complex at 2.72 Å resolutionNature, 2004
- Dynamics of Chromophore Binding to Lhc Proteins in Vivo and in Vitro during Operation of the Xanthophyll CyclePublished by Elsevier BV ,2002
- Photosynthesis and Photoprotection in Overwintering PlantsPlant Biology, 2002
- Membrane lipid peroxidation, cell viability and Photosystem II activity in the green alga Chlorella pyrenoidosa subjected to various stress conditionsJournal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology, 1998
- The carotenoids as anti-oxidants — a reviewJournal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology, 1997
- Photoprotection and Other Responses of Plants to High Light StressAnnual Review of Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology, 1992