Reducing Hysteresis and Enhancing Performance of Perovskite Solar Cells Using Low‐Temperature Processed Y‐Doped SnO2 Nanosheets as Electron Selective Layers
- 7 November 2016
- Vol. 13 (2), 1601769
- https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.201601769
Abstract
Despite the rapid increase of efficiency, perovskite solar cells (PSCs) still face some challenges, one of which is the current–voltage hysteresis. Herein, it is reported that yttrium-doped tin dioxide (Y-SnO2) electron selective layer (ESL) synthesized by an in situ hydrothermal growth process at 95 °C can significantly reduce the hysteresis and improve the performance of PSCs. Comparison studies reveal two main effects of Y doping of SnO2 ESLs: (1) it promotes the formation of well-aligned and more homogeneous distribution of SnO2 nanosheet arrays (NSAs), which allows better perovskite infiltration, better contacts of perovskite with SnO2 nanosheets, and improves electron transfer from perovskite to ESL; (2) it enlarges the band gap and upshifts the band energy levels, resulting in better energy level alignment with perovskite and reduced charge recombination at NSA/perovskite interfaces. As a result, PSCs using Y-SnO2 NSA ESLs exhibit much less hysteresis and better performance compared with the cells using pristine SnO2 NSA ESLs. The champion cell using Y-SnO2 NSA ESL achieves a photovoltaic conversion efficiency of 17.29% (16.97%) when measured under reverse (forward) voltage scanning and a steady-state efficiency of 16.25%. The results suggest that low-temperature hydrothermal-synthesized Y-SnO2 NSA is a promising ESL for fabricating efficient and hysteresis-less PSC.Keywords
Funding Information
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (11674252, 61376013, 91433203)
- Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (BK20131186)
This publication has 62 references indexed in Scilit:
- High-performance photovoltaic perovskite layers fabricated through intramolecular exchangeScience, 2015
- Interface engineering of highly efficient perovskite solar cellsScience, 2014
- Unique Properties of Halide Perovskites as Possible Origins of the Superior Solar Cell PerformanceAdvanced Materials, 2014
- Atomistic Origins of High-Performance in Hybrid Halide Perovskite Solar CellsNano Letters, 2014
- Electron-Hole Diffusion Lengths Exceeding 1 Micrometer in an Organometal Trihalide Perovskite AbsorberScience, 2013
- Efficient planar heterojunction perovskite solar cells by vapour depositionNature, 2013
- Sequential deposition as a route to high-performance perovskite-sensitized solar cellsNature, 2013
- Efficient Hybrid Solar Cells Based on Meso-Superstructured Organometal Halide PerovskitesScience, 2012
- 6.5% efficient perovskite quantum-dot-sensitized solar cellNanoscale, 2011
- Organometal Halide Perovskites as Visible-Light Sensitizers for Photovoltaic CellsJournal of the American Chemical Society, 2009