Iron deficiency anaemia revisited
Top Cited Papers
Open Access
- 30 October 2019
- journal article
- review article
- Published by Wiley in Journal of Internal Medicine
- Vol. 287 (2), 153-170
- https://doi.org/10.1111/joim.13004
Abstract
Iron deficiency anemia is a global health concern affecting children, women and the elderly, while also being a common comorbidity in multiple medical conditions. The etiology is variable and attributed to several risk factors decreasing iron intake and absorption or increasing demand and loss; with multiple etiologies often coexisting in an individual patient. Although presenting symptoms may be nonspecific, there is emerging evidence on the detrimental effects of iron deficiency anemia on clinical outcomes across several medical conditions. Increased awareness about the consequences and prevalence of iron deficiency anemia can aid early detection and management. Diagnosis can be easily made by measurement of hemoglobin and serum ferritin levels, while in chronic inflammatory conditions, diagnosis may be more challenging and necessitates consideration of higher serum ferritin thresholds and evaluation of transferrin saturation. Oral and intravenous formulations of iron supplementation are available, and several patient and disease‐related factors need to be considered before management decisions are made. This review provides recent updates and guidance on the diagnosis and management of iron deficiency anemia in multiple clinical settings.Keywords
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