Omega-3 Fatty Acids and PPARin Cancer
Open Access
- 1 January 2008
- journal article
- review article
- Published by Hindawi Limited in PPAR Research
- Vol. 2008, 1-14
- https://doi.org/10.1155/2008/358052
Abstract
Omega-3 (or n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and their metabolites are natural ligands for peroxisome proliferator receptor activator (PPAR)and, due to the effects of PPARon cell proliferation, survival, and differentiation, are potential anticancer agents. Dietary intake of omega-3 PUFAs has been associated with a reduced risk of certain cancers in human populations and in animal models. In vitro studies have shown that omega-3 PUFAs inhibit cell proliferation and induce apoptosis in cancer cells through various pathways but one of which involves PPARactivation. The differential activation of PPARand PPAR-regulated genes by specific dietary fatty acids may be central to their distinct roles in cancer. This review summarizes studies relating PUFAs to PPARand cancer and offers a new paradigm relating an n-3 PUFA through PPARto the expression of the cell surface proteoglycan, syndecan-1, and to the death of cancer cells.
Keywords
Funding Information
- National Institutes of Health (P01CA106742, R01CA115958)
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