On-line X-ray diffraction for quantitative phase analysis: Application in the Portland cement industry
- 1 June 2001
- journal article
- Published by Cambridge University Press (CUP) in Powder Diffraction
- Vol. 16 (2), 71-80
- https://doi.org/10.1154/1.1359796
Abstract
The aim of this work was to design, construct, install, and commission an on-line, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyzer capable of continuously monitoring phase abundances for use in process plant control. This has been achieved through a joint project between CSIRO Minerals and Fuel & Combustion Technology Pty. Ltd. with an instrument designed for use in a Portland cement manufacturing plant. Key factors in tailoring such an instrument to the cement industry were (i) the handling and presentation of a dry sample and (ii) the development of an analytical method suitable for the complex suite of phases contained within Portland cement. The instrument incorporates continuous flow of sample through the diffractometer using a purpose-built sample presentation stage. The XRD data are collected simultaneously using a wide range (120° 2θ) position sensitive detector, thus enabling rapid collection of the full diffraction pattern. The data are then analyzed using a Rietveld analysis method to obtain a quantitative estimate of each of the phases present. The instrument is controlled by a PC linked to the diffractometer through a purpose built interface. The phase abundance information is then transmitted to the central computer in the cement plant where it can be used for the control of mill parameters such as temperature and retention times as well as gypsum feed rate.Keywords
This publication has 9 references indexed in Scilit:
- Outcomes of the International Union of Crystallography Commission on Powder Diffraction Round Robin on Quantitative Phase Analysis: samples 1ato 1hJournal of Applied Crystallography, 2001
- Introduction to X‐ray Powder DiffractometryPublished by Wiley ,1996
- The Rietveld MethodPublished by Oxford University Press (OUP) ,1993
- Simultaneous Use of Observed and Calculated Standard Profiles in Quantitative XRD Analysis of Minerals by the Multiphase Rietveld Method: The Determination of Pseudorutile in Mineral Sands ProductsPowder Diffraction, 1992
- Quantitative phase analysis from neutron powder diffraction data using the Rietveld methodJournal of Applied Crystallography, 1987
- Calculated X-ray powder diffraction data for phases encountered in lead/acid battery platesJournal of Power Sources, 1983
- Accuracy and precision of phase analysis in portland cement by Bogue, microscopic and X-ray diffraction methodsCement and Concrete Research, 1982
- A profile refinement method for nuclear and magnetic structuresJournal of Applied Crystallography, 1969
- On Estimating Precision of Measuring Instruments and Product VariabilityJournal of the American Statistical Association, 1948