The platinum chromium element stent platform: from alloy, to design, to clinical practice

Abstract

Despite advances in polymer and drug technology, the underlying stent platform remains a key determinant of clinical outcome. A clear understanding of stent design and the differences between various stent platforms are of increasing importance for the interventional cardiologist. Reduction in stent strut thickness has been associated with improved stent deliverability, improved procedural outcome, and lower rates of subsequent restenosis. Newer-generation 316L-SS stent designs have enabled reduced strut thickness while retaining radial strength and minimizing recoil, but with significant loss of radiopacity, leading to reduced visibility. Cobalt chromium alloys have enabled a reduction in stent strut thickness to around 80–90 mm while retaining modest radiopacity, but due to higher elastic properties, have been associated with greater stent recoil. Development of a novel 33% platinum chromium alloy with high radial strength and high radiopacity has enabled design of a new, thin-strut, flexible, easily visualized, and highly trackable stent platform, the use of which is further illustrated in several clinical case descriptions.