Adjuvants for Coronavirus Vaccines
Top Cited Papers
Open Access
- 6 November 2020
- journal article
- review article
- Published by Frontiers Media SA in Frontiers in Immunology
- Vol. 11, 589833
- https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2020.589833
Abstract
Vaccine development utilizing various platforms is one of the strategies that has been proposed to address the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Adjuvants are critical components of both subunit and certain inactivated vaccines because they induce specific immune responses that are more robust and long-lasting. A review of the history of coronavirus vaccine development demonstrates that only a few adjuvants, including aluminum salts, emulsions, and TLR agonists, have been formulated for the severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV), Middle East respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus (MERS-CoV), and currently the SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in experimental and pre-clinical studies. However, there is still a lack of evidence regarding the effects of the adjuvants tested in coronavirus vaccines. This paper presents an overview of adjuvants that have been formulated in reported coronavirus vaccine studies, which should assist with the design and selection of adjuvants with optimal efficacy and safety profiles for COVID-19 vaccines.Keywords
Funding Information
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (31870919)
- Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province (20180550597)
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (DUT19TD12)
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