Preterm and Term Cervical Ripening in CD1 Mice (Mus musculus): Similar or Divergent Molecular Mechanisms?1
- 1 December 2009
- journal article
- Published by Oxford University Press (OUP) in Biology of Reproduction
- Vol. 81 (6), 1226-1232
- https://doi.org/10.1095/biolreprod.108.075309
Abstract
Premature cervical ripening is believed to contribute to preterm birth (PTB). Preterm cervical ripening may be due to an aberrant regulation in timing of the same processes that occur at term, or may result from unique molecular mechanisms. Using mouse models of PTB, this study sought to investigate if the molecular mechanisms that govern cervical ripening were similar between preterm and term. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is infused into the uterine horn to create a mouse model of inflammation-induced PTB. For a noninfectious model of PTB, RU486 was administered. Both models result in delivery of pups in 8–24 h. Cervical tissues were collected from these models, as well as throughout gestation. Cervical tissues from E15 (preterm), E15 LPS (preterm inflammation), and E18.5 (term) were used for microarray analysis (n = 18). Additional experiments using gestational time course specimens were performed to confirm microarray results. Specific gene pathways were differentially expressed between the groups. Genes involved in immunity and inflammation were increased in the cervix in inflammation-induced PTB; term labor was not associated with differential expression of immune pathways. Cytokine expression was not increased in cervices during term labor, but was increased in the pospartum period. Epithelial cell differentiation pathway was significantly altered in term, but not preterm, labor. Activation of immune pathways may be sufficient for cervial ripening, but does not appear necessary. Differential expression of the epithelial cell differentiation pathway appears necessary in the process of cervical repair. Our results indicate that the molecular mechanisms governing preterm and term cervical ripening are distinctly different.Keywords
This publication has 30 references indexed in Scilit:
- Medroxyprogesterone Acetate Modulates Remodeling, Immune Cell Census, and Nerve Fibers in the Cervix of a Mouse Model for Inflammation-induced Preterm BirthReproductive Sciences, 2009
- Medroxyprogesterone acetate modulates the immune response in the uterus, cervix and placenta in a mouse model of preterm birthThe Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine, 2008
- Dynamics of Cervical Remodeling during Pregnancy and Parturition: Mechanisms and Current ConceptsSeminars in Reproductive Medicine, 2007
- The use of progestational agents for preterm birth: Lessons from a mouse modelAmerican Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2006
- Elucidating the Early Signal Transduction Pathways Leading to Fetal Brain Injury in Preterm BirthPediatric Research, 2006
- Can medroxyprogesterone acetate alter Toll-like receptor expression in a mouse model of intrauterine inflammation?American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2005
- Medroxyprogesterone acetate, but not progesterone, protects against inflammation-induced parturition and intrauterine fetal demiseAmerican Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2004
- A New Model for Inflammation-Induced Preterm Birth: The Role of Platelet-Activating Factor and Toll-Like Receptor-4The American Journal of Pathology, 2003
- The Length of the Cervix and the Risk of Spontaneous Premature DeliveryNew England Journal of Medicine, 1996
- Anatomy and Physiology of Cervical RipeningClinical Obstetrics and Gynecology, 1995