Understanding social inequalities in Zika infection and its consequences: A model of pathways and policy entry-points
- 4 July 2018
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Informa UK Limited in Global Public Health
- Vol. 14 (5), 675-683
- https://doi.org/10.1080/17441692.2018.1532528
Abstract
The health consequences of arbovirus infections such as dengue fever (DENV), Chikungunya (CHIKV) and Zika (ZIKV) has in recent years become a public health challenge, due to failure of prevention followed by increased incidence and pronounced social inequality in occurrence and consequences. This motivates a more systematic analysis of the potential mechanisms and pathways that generate these inequalities. We present in the paper a model that delineates five possible mechanisms driving the inequality of ZIKV and congenital Zika syndrome (CZS). They include differential exposure to bad housing and sanitary conditions, differential exposure to vector density and virus, differential vulnerability to the health effects of exposure to virus, differential intrauterine susceptibility to the teratogenic effects of ZIKV infection and differential social consequences of caring for a disabled child. For each mechanism, we present empirical evidence or need for more research as well as a discussion about policy implications.Keywords
Funding Information
- FACEBE
This publication has 35 references indexed in Scilit:
- Spatial Distribution of Dengue in a Brazilian Urban Slum Setting: Role of Socioeconomic Gradient in Disease RiskPLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 2015
- Is dengue a disease of poverty? A systematic reviewPathogens and Global Health, 2014
- Dengue Antibody-Dependent Enhancement: Knowns and UnknownsMicrobiology Spectrum, 2014
- Assessing the Relationship between Vector Indices and Dengue Transmission: A Systematic Review of the EvidencePLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 2014
- Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde no Brasil: concepção e metodologia de aplicaçãoCiencia & Saude Coletiva, 2014
- Framing vulnerability, risk and societal responses: the MOVE frameworkNatural Hazards, 2013
- Psychosocial Job Stress and Immunity: A Systematic ReviewPublished by Springer Science and Business Media LLC ,2012
- Seroprevalence and risk factors for dengue infection in socio-economically distinct areas of Recife, BrazilActa Tropica, 2010
- VulnerabilityGlobal Environmental Change, 2006
- Consistência interna e confiabilidade da versão em português do Instrumento de Avaliação da Atenção Primária (PCATool-Brasil) para serviços de saúde infantilCadernos de Saude Publica, 2006