Internationalization and technological leapfrogging in the pharmaceutical industry
- 27 February 2009
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Oxford University Press (OUP) in Industrial and Corporate Change
- Vol. 18 (2), 295-323
- https://doi.org/10.1093/icc/dtp002
Abstract
Internationalization is a useful strategy for gaining firm-specific technological advantages especially during periods of technological discontinuity as the pharmaceutical industry illustrates. The antibiotics revolution in the 1940s saw laggard US firms scrambling to gain capabilities in antibiotics. The possibilities of non-chemical routes to new drug discovery in the 1990s saw Indian generic drug manufacturers attempting to develop new drug discovery capabilities. This article compares the leapfrogging strategies adopted by US and Indian firms and shows that in both periods internationalization strategies were central to the technological strategies of both groups of firms.This publication has 15 references indexed in Scilit:
- Releasing the Flood Waters: Diuril and the Reshaping of HypertensionThe SHAFR Guide Online, 2005
- MNE competence-creating subsidiary mandatesStrategic Management Journal, 2005
- Innovation and Strategic Divergence: An Empirical Study of the U.S. Pharmaceutical Industry from 1920 to 1960Management Science, 2003
- Rising to the technological challenge: possibilities for integration of biotechnology in the Indian pharmaceutical industryInternational Journal of Biotechnology, 2001
- Closure and divestiture by foreign entrants: the impact of entry and post-entry strategiesStrategic Management Journal, 2000
- Foreign direct investment in industrial research in the pharmaceutical and electronics industries—results from a survey of multinational firmsResearch Policy, 1999
- Architectural Innovation: The Reconfiguration of Existing Product Technologies and the Failure of Established FirmsAdministrative Science Quarterly, 1990
- The British Success with PenicillinSocial Studies of Science, 1987
- International diffusion of technology, industrial development and technological leapfroggingWorld Development, 1985
- Innovation: Mapping the winds of creative destructionResearch Policy, 1985