To test a dietary intervention for high risk African American adults with small children. Using telephone data, logistic regression was used to identify association of low-fat eating behaviors, fat calories, and frequency of sweets/oils/fats with personal and environmental variables. Education and income were associated with low-fat eating behaviors, fat calories, and frequency of fat/oils/sweets. Availability, price, and policy were related to low fat eating behaviors. Effectiveness of dietary interventions relies upon environments that support changes by the individual. Focusing on high-risk populations should be a priority in this research.