Influences of Natural Dissolved Organic Matter on the Interaction of Aluminum with the Microalga Chlorella: A Test of the Free-Ion Model of Trace Metal Toxicity
- 1 April 1996
- journal article
- research article
- Published by American Chemical Society (ACS) in Environmental Science & Technology
- Vol. 30 (5), 1713-1720
- https://doi.org/10.1021/es950718s
Abstract
The free-ion model of trace metal interactions with aquatic microorganisms states that the biological response to a metal is proportional to the activity of the free-ion {Mz+} in solution. The applicability of the free-ion model, as it applied to the toxicity of aluminum to the green alga Chlorella pyrenoidosa in the presence of a soil fulvic acid (SFA), was tested in defined media (pH 5) designed to limit Al interactions to algae and SFA. Toxicity was not proportional to the activity of Al3+, an apparent failing of the free-ion model. Fulvic acid adsorbed to cell surfaces (17 mg m-2, pH 5) and increased membrane permeability (as measured with [14C]sorbitol) whereas Al decreased membrane permeability. In addition, SFA may act as a source of phosphorus to P-deficient algae. These results emphasize the importance of considering not only the metal-complexing properties of natural dissolved organic matter but also its direct metabolic and physiological influences on algae.This publication has 24 references indexed in Scilit:
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