Current and projected prevalence of arterial hypertension in sub-Saharan Africa by sex, age and habitat: an estimate from population studies
Top Cited Papers
- 1 July 2011
- journal article
- Published by Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) in Journal Of Hypertension
- Vol. 29 (7), 1243-1252
- https://doi.org/10.1097/hjh.0b013e328346995d
Abstract
In sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), data on hypertension prevalence in terms of urban or rural and sex difference are lacking, heterogeneous or contradictory. In addition, there are no accurate estimates of hypertension burden. To estimate the age-specific and sex-specific prevalence of arterial hypertension in SSA in urban and rural adult populations. We searched for population studies, conducted from 1998 through 2008 in SSA. We extracted data from selected studies on available prevalences and used a logistic regression model to estimate all age/sex/habitat (urban/rural)/country-specific prevalences for SSA up to 2008 and 2025. On the basis of the United Nations Population Fund data for 2008 and predictions for 2025, we estimated the number of hypertensives in both years. Seventeen studies pertaining to 11 countries were analysed. The overall prevalence rate of hypertension in SSA for 2008 was estimated at 16.2% [95% confidence interval (CI) 14.1-20.3], ranging from 10.6% in Ethiopia to 26.9% in Ghana. The estimated prevalence was 13.7% in rural areas, 20.7% in urban areas, 16.8% in males, and 15.7% in women. The total number of hypertensives in SSA was estimated at 75 million (95% CI 65-93 million) in 2008 and at 125.5 million (95% CI 111.0-162.9 million) by 2025. The estimated number of hypertensives in 2008 is nearly four times higher than the last (2005) estimate of the World Health Organization Regional Office for Africa. Prevalences were significantly higher in urban than in rural populations. Population data are lacking in many countries underlining the need for national surveys.This publication has 31 references indexed in Scilit:
- Global burden of blood-pressure-related disease, 2001The Lancet, 2008
- Hypertension In Sub-Saharan AfricaHypertension, 2007
- Global burden of hypertension: analysis of worldwide dataThe Lancet, 2005
- Hypertension in South African adults: results from the Demographic and Health Survey, 1998Journal of Hypertension, 2001
- Hypertension prevalence and care in an urban and rural area of TanzaniaJournal of Hypertension, 2000
- Correlates of blood pressure in an urban Zimbabwean population and comparison to other populations of African originJournal of Human Hypertension, 2000
- Why Has Africa Grown Slowly?Journal of Economic Perspectives, 1999
- The prevalence of hypertension in rural and urban CameroonInternational Journal of Epidemiology, 1998
- Mortality by cause for eight regions of the world: Global Burden of Disease StudyThe Lancet, 1997
- The prevalence of hypertension in seven populations of west African origin.American Journal of Public Health, 1997