An Involvement of Oxidative Stress in Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Its Associated Diseases
Open Access
- 23 December 2012
- journal article
- review article
- Published by MDPI AG in International Journal of Molecular Sciences
- Vol. 14 (1), 434-456
- https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms14010434
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the major site of calcium storage and protein folding. It has a unique oxidizing-folding environment due to the predominant disulfide bond formation during the process of protein folding. Alterations in the oxidative environment of the ER and also intra-ER Ca2+ cause the production of ER stress-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS). Protein disulfide isomerases, endoplasmic reticulum oxidoreductin-1, reduced glutathione and mitochondrial electron transport chain proteins also play crucial roles in ER stress-induced production of ROS. In this article, we discuss ER stress-associated ROS and related diseases, and the current understanding of the signaling transduction involved in ER stress.Keywords
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