Objective: To observe the changes of various bile acids level in bile within 7 days after liver transplantation, and to explore the predictive value of their changes in early allograft dysfunction (EAD) after liver transplantation. Methods: In this paper, 40 patients with orthotopic liver transplantation from July 2020 to December 2020 were selected retrospectively. According to the diagnostic criteria of EAD proposed by Olthoff et al. in 2010, the patients were divided into EAD group and non-EAD group. The bile of the patients was collected on the 1st, 3rd, 5th and 7th day after operation, and the changes of various bile acids in the bile of EAD group and non-EAD group were compared on the 1st, 3rd, 5th and 7th day after operation. ROC curve was used to evaluate the predictive value of the changes of bile acid levels in bile for EAD after liver transplantation. Results: According to the data, the GDCA level measured in EAD group was lower than that in non-EAD group on the 1st day after operation, the GCA and GDCA levels measured in EAD group were higher than that in non-EAD group on the 5th day after operation, and the TLCA, GCDCA and GDCA levels measured in EAD group were higher than that in non-EAD group on the 7th day after operation; it is compared between groups (P < 0.05). According to the ROC curve, on the 7th day after operation, the AUC of GCDCA in bile for judging the early postoperative EAD is 0.762, which is the same as the 7th day, the AUC of TLCA level in bile for judging the early postoperative EAD is 0.754, and on the 5th day after operation, the AUC of GCA level in bile for judging the early postoperative EAD is 0.721. Conclusion: The bile of patients on the 1st, 3rd, 5th and 7th days after liver transplantation was taken, and the contents of various bile acids in the bile were measured. The levels of GCDCA, GCA and TLCA in the bile within 7 days after liver transplantation will increase. The levels of GCDCA, GCA and TLCA have a certain predictive value for the early occurrence of EAD in patients after liver transplantation, to guide the early treatment.