Prevalence and Correlates of Elevated Body Mass Index among HIV-Positive and HIV-Negative Women in the Women's Interagency HIV Study
- 1 December 2009
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Mary Ann Liebert Inc in AIDS Patient Care and STDs
- Vol. 23 (12), 1009-1016
- https://doi.org/10.1089/apc.2009.0175
Abstract
Since the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and the subsequent increased life expectancy in HIV-infected persons, non-HIV–related diseases have become an important cause of morbidity and mortality. This cross-sectional study reports the prevalence of overweight and obesity, and sociodemographic, psychological, and substance use-related risk factors for elevated body mass index (BMI) among 2157 HIV-seropositive (HIV+) in comparison to 730 HIV-seronegative (HIV−) participants in the Women's Interagency HIV Study (WIHS). Separate univariable and multivariate linear regression analyses were completed for HIV+ and HIV− women. Our study revealed a similar proportion of obesity (body mass index [BMI] ≥30) among HIV+ (33%) and HIV− women (29%) (p = 0.12), as well as comparable median BMI (HIV+: 26.1 versus HIV−: 26.7, p = 0.16). HIV+ compared to HIV− women, respectively, were significantly (p < 0.01) older (median = 35.6 versus. 32.5), but similar (p = 0.97) by race/ethnicity (57% African American, 28% Hispanic, and 15% white for both). In multivariate models for both HIV+ and HIV− women, African American race/ethnicity was significantly (p < 0.05) associated with higher BMI, while higher quality of life score and illicit hard drug use were associated with lower BMI. Additionally, smoking, alcohol use, markers of advanced HIV infection (AIDS diagnosis, elevated HIV viral load, low CD4 count), and a history of antiretroviral therapy use (ART) were also associated with lower BMI among HIV+ women. In conclusion, risk factors for elevated BMI were similar for HIV+ and HIV− women in the WIHS. For HIV+ women, all markers of advanced HIV infection and ART use were additionally associated with lower BMI.Keywords
This publication has 50 references indexed in Scilit:
- Obesity among Patients with HIV: The Latest EpidemicAIDS Patient Care and STDs, 2008
- Does Depression Cause Obesity?Journal of Health Psychology, 2008
- The Effects of Changes in Smoking Prevalence on Obesity Prevalence in the United StatesAmerican Journal of Public Health, 2007
- The Obesity Epidemic in the United States Gender, Age, Socioeconomic, Racial/Ethnic, and Geographic Characteristics: A Systematic Review and Meta-Regression AnalysisEpidemiologic Reviews, 2007
- Antiretroviral Therapies Associated with Lipoatrophy in HIV-Infected WomenAIDS Patient Care and STDs, 2007
- Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity in the United States, 1999-2004JAMA, 2006
- The effect of drug abuse on body mass index in Hispanics with and without HIV infectionPublic Health Nutrition, 2005
- Causes of death among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected adults in the era of potent antiretroviral therapy: emerging role of hepatitis and cancers, persistent role of AIDSInternational Journal of Epidemiology, 2004
- Experience and Covariates of Depressive Symptoms Among a Cohort of HIV Infected WomenSocial Work in Health Care, 2001
- Influence of moderate daily wine consumption on body weight regulation and metabolism in healthy free-living males.Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 1997