Interethnic variation of CYP2C19 alleles, ‘predicted’ phenotypes and ‘measured’ metabolic phenotypes across world populations
- 27 October 2015
- journal article
- review article
- Published by Springer Science and Business Media LLC in The Pharmacogenomics Journal
- Vol. 16 (2), 113-123
- https://doi.org/10.1038/tpj.2015.70
Abstract
The present study evaluates the worldwide frequency distribution of CYP2C19 alleles and CYP2C19 metabolic phenotypes (‘predicted’ from genotypes and ‘measured’ with a probe drug) among healthy volunteers from different ethnic groups and geographic regions, as well as the relationship between the ‘predicted’ and ‘measured’ CYP2C19 metabolic phenotypes. A total of 52 181 healthy volunteers were studied within 138 selected original research papers. CYP2C19*17 was 42- and 24-fold more frequent in Mediterranean-South Europeans and Middle Easterns than in East Asians (PCYP2C19*2 and CYP2C19*3 alleles were more frequent in East Asians (30.26% and 6.89%, respectively), and even a twofold higher frequency of these alleles was found in Native populations from Oceania (61.30% and 14.42%, respectively; PCYP2C19 genotypes (gPMs) and the poor metabolic phenotype ‘measured’ with a probe drug (mPMs) when subjects are either classified by ethnicity (r=0.94, Pr=0.99, P=0.002). Nevertheless, further research is needed in African and Asian populations, which are under-represented, and additional CYP2C19 variants and the ‘measured’ phenotype should be studied.Keywords
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