Primary motor cortical metaplasticity induced by priming over the supplementary motor area
Open Access
- 9 October 2009
- journal article
- Published by Wiley in The Journal of Physiology
- Vol. 587 (20), 4845-4862
- https://doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.2009.179101
Abstract
Motor cortical plasticity induced by repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) sometimes depends on the prior history of neuronal activity. These effects of preceding stimulation on subsequent rTMS‐induced plasticity have been suggested to share a similar mechanism to that of metaplasticity, a homeostatic regulation of synaptic plasticity. To explore metaplasticity in humans, many investigations have used designs in which both priming and conditioning are applied over the primary motor cortex (M1), but the effects of priming stimulation over other motor‐related cortical areas have not been well documented. Since the supplementary motor area (SMA) has anatomical and functional cortico‐cortical connections with M1, here we studied the homeostatic effects of priming stimulation over the SMA on subsequent rTMS‐induced plasticity of M1. For priming and subsequent conditioning, we employed a new rTMS protocol, quadripulse stimulation (QPS), which produces a broad range of motor cortical plasticity depending on the interval of the pulses within a burst. The plastic changes induced by QPS at various intervals were altered by priming stimulation over the SMA, which did not change motor‐evoked potential sizes on its own but specifically modulated the excitatory I‐wave circuits. The data support the view that the homeostatic changes are mediated via mechanisms of metaplasticity and highlight an important interplay between M1 and SMA regarding homeostatic plasticity in humans.Keywords
This publication has 72 references indexed in Scilit:
- Modulation of Effects of Intermittent Theta Burst Stimulation Applied Over Primary Motor Cortex (M1) by Conditioning Stimulation of the Opposite M1Journal of Neurophysiology, 2009
- Reporting ethical matters in The Journal of Physiology: standards and adviceThe Journal of Physiology, 2009
- Bidirectional long‐term motor cortical plasticity and metaplasticity induced by quadripulse transcranial magnetic stimulationThe Journal of Physiology, 2008
- Regulation of NMDA receptor subunit expression and its implications for LTD, LTP, and metaplasticityNeuropharmacology, 2008
- High‐frequency rTMS over the supplementary motor area for treatment of Parkinson's diseaseMovement Disorders, 2008
- Metaplasticity: tuning synapses and networks for plasticityNature Reviews Neuroscience, 2008
- Contribution of transcranial magnetic stimulation to the understanding of cortical mechanisms involved in motor controlThe Journal of Physiology, 2008
- Obligatory Role of NR2A for Metaplasticity in Visual CortexNeuron, 2007
- Short latency facilitation between pairs of threshold magnetic stimuli applied to human motor cortexElectroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology/Electromyography and Motor Control, 1996
- Role for supplementary motor area cells in planning several movements aheadNature, 1994