Endolysosomal proteases and their inhibitors in immunity
- 1 December 2009
- journal article
- review article
- Published by Springer Science and Business Media LLC in Nature Reviews Immunology
- Vol. 9 (12), 871-882
- https://doi.org/10.1038/nri2671
Abstract
The cellular endolysosomal compartment is dynamic, complex and incompletely understood. Its organelles and constituents vary between different cell types, but endolysosomal proteases are key components of this compartment in all cells. In immune cells, these proteases function in pathogen recognition and elimination, signal processing and cell homeostasis, and they are regulated by dedicated inhibitors. Pathogens can produce analogous proteases to subvert the host immune response. The balance in activity between a protease and its inhibitor can tune the immune response or cause damage as a result of mislocalized proteolysis. In this Review, we highlight recent developments in this area and emphasize the importance of studying the role of endolysosomal proteases, and their natural inhibitors, in the initiation and regulation of immune responses.Keywords
This publication has 135 references indexed in Scilit:
- MHC class II–dependent basophil–CD4+ T cell interactions promote TH2 cytokine–dependent immunityNature Immunology, 2009
- Basophils function as antigen-presenting cells for an allergen-induced T helper type 2 responseNature Immunology, 2009
- The Small GTPase Rac2 Controls Phagosomal Alkalinization and Antigen Crosspresentation Selectively in CD8+ Dendritic CellsImmunity, 2009
- TNFα-induced macrophage death via caspase-dependent and independent pathwaysApoptosis, 2009
- TLR9 traffics through the Golgi complex to localize to endolysosomes and respond to CpG DNAImmunology & Cell Biology, 2008
- The ectodomain of Toll-like receptor 9 is cleaved to generate a functional receptorNature, 2008
- Proteolytic cleavage in an endolysosomal compartment is required for activation of Toll-like receptor 9Nature Immunology, 2008
- Cathepsin L Proteolytically Processes Histone H3 During Mouse Embryonic Stem Cell DifferentiationCell, 2008
- UNC93B1 delivers nucleotide-sensing toll-like receptors to endolysosomesNature, 2008
- TLR9 signals after translocating from the ER to CpG DNA in the lysosomeNature Immunology, 2004