Confirmatory factor analysis of the Minnesota Nicotine Withdrawal Scale.
- 1 June 2007
- journal article
- research article
- Published by American Psychological Association (APA) in Psychology of Addictive Behaviors
- Vol. 21 (2), 216-225
- https://doi.org/10.1037/0893-164x.21.2.216
Abstract
The authors examined the factor structure of the Minnesota Nicotine Withdrawal Scale (MNWS) using confirmatory factor analysis in 3 clinical research samples of smokers trying to quit (N = 723). Three confirmatory factor analytic models, based on previous research, were tested with each of the 3 study samples at multiple points in time. A unidimensional model including all 8 MNWS items was found to be the best explanation of the data. This model produced fair to good internal consistency estimates. Additionally, these data revealed that craving should be included in the total score of the MNWS. Factor scores derived from this single-factor, 8-item model showed that increases in withdrawal were associated with poor smoking outcome for 2 of the clinical studies. Confirmatory factor analyses of change scores showed that the MNWS symptoms cohere as a syndrome over time. Future investigators should report a total score using all of the items from the MNWS.Keywords
Funding Information
- National Institutes of Health (K12-DA00167; K05-AA014715; P50-DA13334; P50-AA15632)
This publication has 39 references indexed in Scilit:
- A comparison of the psychometric properties of three cigarette withdrawal scalesAddiction, 2006
- Effects of quitting smoking on EEG activation and attention last for more than 31 days and are more severe with stress, dependence, DRD2 A1 allele, and depressive traitsNicotine & Tobacco Research, 2004
- Addiction Motivation Reformulated: An Affective Processing Model of Negative Reinforcement.Psychological Review, 2004
- Mood disturbance fails to resolve across 31 days of cigarette abstinence in women.Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 2002
- Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternativesStructural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 1999
- Development and validation of the Wisconsin Smoking Withdrawal Scale.Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology, 1999
- Profiles in discouragement: Two studies of variability in the time course of smoking withdrawal symptoms.Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 1998
- Measuring tobacco withdrawal: A review of self-report questionnairesJournal of Substance Abuse, 1996
- Alternative Ways of Assessing Model FitSociological Methods & Research, 1992
- Tobacco withdrawal in self-quitters.Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 1992