Pleiotropic Control of Secondary Metabolism and Morphological Development by KsbC, a Butyrolactone Autoregulator Receptor Homologue in Kitasatospora setae
Open Access
- 15 November 2012
- journal article
- Published by American Society for Microbiology in Applied and Environmental Microbiology
- Vol. 78 (22), 8015-8024
- https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.02355-12
Abstract
The γ-butyrolactone autoregulator signaling cascades have been shown to control secondary metabolism and/or morphological development among many Streptomyces species. However, the conservation and variation of the regulatory systems among actinomycetes remain to be clarified. The genome sequence of Kitasatospora setae , which also belongs to the family Streptomycetaceae containing the genus Streptomyces , has revealed the presence of three homologues of the autoregulator receptor: KsbA, which has previously been confirmed to be involved only in secondary metabolism; KsbB; and KsbC. We describe here the characterization of ksbC , whose regulatory cluster closely resembles the Streptomyces virginiae barA locus responsible for the autoregulator signaling cascade. Deletion of the gene ksbC resulted in lowered production of bafilomycin and a defect of aerial mycelium formation, together with the early and enhanced production of a novel β-carboline alkaloid named kitasetaline. A putative kitasetaline biosynthetic gene cluster was identified, and its expression in a heterologous host led to the production of kitasetaline together with JBIR-133, the production of which is also detected in the ksbC disruptant, and JBIR-134 as novel β-carboline alkaloids, indicating that these genes were biosynthetic genes for β-carboline alkaloid and thus are the first such genes to be discovered in bacteria.Keywords
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