Neural stimulation with optical radiation
- 27 December 2010
- journal article
- review article
- Published by Wiley in Laser & Photonics Reviews
- Vol. 5 (1), 68-80
- https://doi.org/10.1002/lpor.200900044
Abstract
This paper reviews the existing research on infrared neural stimulation, a means of artificially stimulating neurons that has been proposed as an alternative to electrical stimulation. Infrared neural stimulation (INS) is defined as the direct induction of an evoked potential in response to a transient targeted deposition of optical energy. The foremost advantage of using optical radiation for neural stimulation is its spatial resolution. Exogenously applied or trans‐genetically synthesized fluorophores are not used to achieve stimulation. Here, current work on INS is presented for motor nerves, sensory nerves, central nervous system, and in vitro preparations. A discussion follows addressing the mechanism of INS and its potential use in neuroprostheses. A brief review of neural depolarization involving other optical methods is also presented. Topics covered include optical stimulation concurrent with electrical stimulation, optical stimulation using exogenous fluorophores, and optical stimulation by transgenic induction of light‐gated ion channels.Keywords
This publication has 88 references indexed in Scilit:
- New photochemical tools for controlling neuronal activityCurrent Opinion in Neurobiology, 2009
- Combined optical and electrical stimulation of neural tissue in vivoJournal of Biomedical Optics, 2009
- Optical stimulation of auditory neurons: Effects of acute and chronic deafeningHearing Research, 2008
- Biophysical Mechanisms of Transient Optical Stimulation of Peripheral NerveBiophysical Journal, 2007
- Optical Stimulation of the Facial Nerve: A New Monitoring Technique?The Laryngoscope, 2007
- Pulsed laser versus electrical energy for peripheral nerve stimulationJournal of Neuroscience Methods, 2007
- High-speed mapping of synaptic connectivity using photostimulation in Channelrhodopsin-2 transgenic miceProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2007
- Multiple-Color Optical Activation, Silencing, and Desynchronization of Neural Activity, with Single-Spike Temporal ResolutionPLOS ONE, 2007
- Light Activation of Channelrhodopsin-2 in Excitable Cells of Caenorhabditis elegans Triggers Rapid Behavioral ResponsesCurrent Biology, 2005
- Channelrhodopsin-2, a directly light-gated cation-selective membrane channelProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2003