Perforin deficiency impairs a critical immunoregulatory loop involving murine CD8+ T cells and dendritic cells
Open Access
- 27 June 2013
- journal article
- Published by American Society of Hematology in Blood
- Vol. 121 (26), 5184-5191
- https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2013-04-495309
Abstract
Humans and mice with impaired perforin-dependent cytotoxic function may develop excessive T-cell activation and the fatal disorder hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) after infection. Though cytotoxic lymphocytes can kill antigen-presenting cells, the physiological mechanism of perforin-mediated immune regulation has never been demonstrated in a disease-relevant context. We used a murine model of HLH to examine how perforin controls immune activation, and we have defined a feedback loop that is critical for immune homeostasis. This endogenous feedback loop involves perforin-dependent elimination of rare, antigen-presenting dendritic cells (DCs) by CD8+ T cells and has a dominant influence on the magnitude of T-cell activation after viral infection. Antigen presentation by a minor fraction of DCs persisted in T-cell– or perforin–deficient animals and continued to drive T-cell activation well beyond initial priming in the latter animals. Depletion of DCs or transfer of perforin-sufficient T cells dampened endogenous DC antigen presentation and T-cell activation, demonstrating a reciprocal relationship between perforin in CD8+ T cells and DC function. Thus, selective cytotoxic “pruning” of DC populations by CD8+ T cells limits T-cell activation and protects against the development of HLH and potentially other immunopathological conditions.Keywords
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