Characterization of Chromosomally Assigned Replication-Competent Gamma Porcine Endogenous Retroviruses Derived from a Large White Pig and Expression in Human Cells
Open Access
- 15 March 2002
- journal article
- Published by American Society for Microbiology in Journal of Virology
- Vol. 76 (6), 2714-2720
- https://doi.org/10.1128/jvi.76.6.2714-2720.2002
Abstract
Vertically transmitted endogenous retroviruses pose an infectious risk in the course of pig-to-human transplantation of cells, tissues, and organs. Two classes of polytropic type C porcine endogenous retroviruses (PERV) productively infect human cells in vitro. The cloning and characterization of replication-competent PERV-B sequences from infected human cells (F. Czauderna, N. Fischer, K. Boller, R. Kurth, and R. R. Tönjes, J. Virol. 74:4028-4038, 2000) as well as the cloning of functional PERV-A and -B sequences from porcine cell line PK15 (U. Krach, N. Fischer, F. Czauderna, and R. R. Tönjes, J. Virol. 75:5465-5472, 2001) have been previously described. Here we report the isolation of four full-length proviral sequences from a porcine bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) library that comprises chromosomally assigned PERV. Clones Bac-PERV-A(130A12) and Bac-PERV-A(151B10) map to pig chromosome 1 and demonstrate close homology to PK15-PERV-A(58) in env and to PERV-MSL in long terminal repeat (LTR), gag , and pro/pol sequences. Clone Bac-PERV-A(463H12) is located on pig chromosome 3 and demonstrates close homology to PK15-PERV-A(58) in env and to 293-PERV-B(43) in LTR, gag , and pro/pol (Czauderna et al.; R. R. Tönjes, F. Czauderna, N. Fischer, U. Krach, K. Boller, P. Chardon, C. Rogel-Gailard, M. Niebert, G. Scheef, A. Werner, and R. Kurth, Transplant Proc. 32:1158-1161, 2000). Clone Bac-PERV-B(192B9) is located on pig chromosome 7 in the swine leukocyte antigen region and is highly homologous with but distinct from the previously described functional clone 293-PERV-B(43) and bears the number of repeats initially observed in the LTRs of clone 293-PERV-A(42) (Czauderna et al.; Krach et al.). Clones Bac-PERV-A(130A12), Bac-PERV-A(151B10), and Bac-PERV-A(463H12) were replication competent upon transfection into susceptible 293 and HeLa cells. Bac-PERV-B(192B9), however, bears two stop codons in pro/pol preventing this clone from being replication competent in some individual pigs, but initial screenings indicate that this provirus might be intact in others. The data suggest that the porcine genome harbors a limited number of infectious PERV sequences, allowing for specific screening in different pig breeds.Keywords
This publication has 29 references indexed in Scilit:
- The Number of a U3 Repeat Box Acting as an Enhancer in Long Terminal Repeats of Polytropic Replication-Competent Porcine Endogenous Retroviruses Dynamically Fluctuates during Serial Virus Passages in Human CellsJournal of Virology, 2001
- Comparison of Replication-Competent Molecular Clones of Porcine Endogenous Retrovirus Class A and Class B Derived from Pig and Human CellsJournal of Virology, 2001
- Multiple Groups of Novel Retroviral Genomes in Pigs and Related SpeciesJournal of Virology, 2001
- ABC drug transporters: hereditary polymorphisms and pharmacological impact in MDR1, MRP1 and MRP2Pharmacogenomics, 2001
- VI Congress of the International Xenotransplantation AssociationXenotransplantation, 2000
- Search for Cross-Species Transmission of Porcine Endogenous Retrovirus in Patients Treated with Living Pig TissueScience, 1999
- Infection of human cells by an endogenous retrovirus of pigsNature Medicine, 1997
- The dangers of xenotransplantationNature Medicine, 1995
- Miniature swine as organ donors for man: Strategies for prevention of xenotransplant‐associated infectionsXenotransplantation, 1994
- XENOTRANSPLANT-ASSOCIATED ZOONOSESTransplantation, 1994