The Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes (TILs): Did We Find the Missed Piece of the Huge Puzzle?

Abstract

Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) are used in evaluating the prognosis and determining treatment of different types of cancer with variable degrees of success. The usage of checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy as a treatment variety for cancer and Adoptive cell therapy is associated with many complications, severe side effects and high expenses. Recently, in a limited number of metastatic GIT and breast cancers, the identification of T-cell specific against so-called tumor neo-antigens and Adoptive transfer of those lymphocytes resulted in some improvement. In 2020, Detection of a T cell receptor (TCR) in a T cell clone that recognized and killed most human cancer cell lines in vitro via the monomorphic MHC class I-related protein MR1, offers an opportunity for pan-cancer therapy Twenty three years earlier, Moist Heat was used successfully to activate a whole different and new immune response that was able to detect genetic mutation in the affected cancer cells and cured many cases of squamous and basal cell carcinomas. In this commentary review, we aimed to revise the literature for updates of TILs usage in cancer prognosis and treatment.