Genistein, a protein tyrosine kinase inhibitor, suppresses the fusogenicity of Moloney murine leukemia virus envelope protein in XC cells

Abstract

XC cells are highly susceptible to syncytium formation by infection of ecotropic murine leukemia viruses (MLVs) and by expression of their envelope protein (Env). By this property, XC cells are widely used to determine titers of ecotropic MLVs. Number of plaques resulted from the syncytium formation in XC cells by ecotropic MLV infection is corresponding to number of the viral particles. XC cells had been established from a v-src-induced rat tumor. It has been reported that transformed cells are more sensitive to Mo-MLV-induced syncytium formation than non-transformed cells. To assess whether the transformation by v-src oncogene in XC cells is involved in the high sensitivity to ecotropic MLV-induced syncytium formation, XC cells were treated with genistein, a protein tyrosine kinase inhibitor. Genistein suppressed the syncytium formation between XC cells and ecotropic Env-expressing 293T cells. This result indicates that protein tyrosine kinase activity is associated with the high sensitivity of XC cells to ecotropic Env-induced syncytium formation.