Childbearing decisions and family size among women with rheumatoid arthritis

Abstract

Objective To estimate childbearing trends relative to age and stage of family development and to report on childbearing decisions among women with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods Information about childbearing history and decisions was collected through structured telephone interviews with an existing cohort of married women with RA (n = 411), and was examined according to women's age at RA diagnosis and when RA was diagnosed relative to when children were born. Results Almost all women (91.2%) reported at least 1 pregnancy; the majority (85.4%) reported at least 1 live birth. The odds of any pregnancy or a live birth were not significantly different according to age at diagnosis; however, women diagnosed at age ≤18 had fewer pregnancies and fewer children. Similarly, women diagnosed with RA prior to the birth of their first child had the fewest pregnancies and children. Few women (8%) reported being advised to limit family size, although ∼20% reported that RA had affected their childbearing decisions. Being advised to limit family size was associated with fewer pregnancies and fewer children (P < 0.0001). Consideration of RA in childbearing decisions was more common among women diagnosed with RA at an early age. Women who reported that RA affected childbearing decisions were not less likely to have any pregnancy or any children, but had significantly fewer pregnancies and children. Conclusion Lower birth rates among women with RA may at least in part reflect choices by women to limit family sizes. Future research into the link between RA and fertility should take women's childbearing choices into account.