Review on chromium: therapeutic uses and toxicological effects on human health
Open Access
- 31 December 2022
- journal article
- review article
- Published by South Asian Academic Publications in The Journal of Multidisciplinary Research
Abstract
Chromium is an essential trace element whose deficiency can cause impairment of glucose tolerance, growth and various biological functions. There are two isotopes of chromium-trivalent chromium and hexavalent chromium. Both the isotopes of chromium have quite different effects on the human body. The objective of this narrative review is to compile the different effects of the two isotopes of chromium and give a comprehensive analysis of the effects of hexavalent and trivalent chromium. Data from various studies across different forums were compared to provide a concrete analysis of the therapeutic and harmful effects of two isotopes of chromium on human health. Chromium plays a vital role in the biological functions of the body. It might be helpful in balancing the glycaemic levels, triglyceride levels and cholesterol levels in the body. Excessive intake of chromium is harmful for health. Overexposure to chromium can lead to carcinogenic effects. Consumption of an insufficient amount of chromium might not be adequate as well. Trivalent chromium can be quite beneficial if taken in proper quantities. Hexavalent chromium can cause cancer. Trivalent chromium is beneficial, while hexavalent chromium is harmful to human health.Keywords
This publication has 45 references indexed in Scilit:
- Chromium and genomic stabilityMutation research. Reviews in mutation research, 2012
- Molecular mechanisms of chromium in alleviating insulin resistanceThe Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry, 2012
- Hexavalent chromium and its effect on health: possible protective role of garlic (Allium sativum Linn)Journal of Basic and Clinical Physiology and Pharmacology, 2011
- Trivalent Chromium: Assessing the Genotoxic Risk of an Essential Trace Element and Widely Used Human and Animal Nutritional SupplementCritical Reviews in Toxicology, 2008
- Chromium in Metabolic and Cardiovascular DiseaseHormone and Metabolic Research, 2007
- Chromium: Friend or Foe?Archives of Family Medicine, 1999
- Effects of Exercise on Chromium LevelsSports Medicine, 1997
- Chromium(III) bound to DNA templates promotes increased polymerase processivity and decreased fidelity during replication in vitroBiochemistry, 1991
- An Assessment and Quantitative Uncertainty Analysis of the Health Risks to Workers Exposed to Chromium Contaminated SoilsToxicology and Industrial Health, 1991
- A possible role for chromium(III) in genotoxicity.Environmental Health Perspectives, 1991