Amyloidosis is a rare systemic disease caused by extracellular deposition of an insoluble protein. Although it is usually seen in a systemic form, 10%-20% of cases can be localized. Systemic amyloidosis is subclassified into an idiopathic primary form and a secondary or reactive form. Patients with primary amyloidosis have no underlying condition or disease. Men are affected more than women, and the mean age at presentation is 55-60 years. Some causes of secondary amyloidosis are multiple myeloma (10%-15%), rheumatoid arthritis (20%-25%), tuberculosis (50%), or familial Mediterranean fever (26%-40%). Radiographic studies of 90 patients with biopsy-proved primary or secondary amyloidosis were reviewed. Computed tomographic (CT) scans demonstrated a wide spectrum of disease in the cardiothoracic, gastrointestinal, genitourinary, and musculoskeletal systems. Amyloid deposition simulated both inflammatory and neoplastic conditions. Amorphous or irregular calcifications were occasionally identified within the ...