Metabolic engineering to produce phytochromes with phytochromobilin, phycocyanobilin, or phycoerythrobilin chromophore in Escherichia coli
Open Access
- 26 January 2006
- journal article
- Published by Wiley in FEBS Letters
- Vol. 580 (5), 1333-1338
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.febslet.2006.01.051
Abstract
By co‐expression of heme oxygenase and various bilin reductase(s) in a single operon in conjunction with apophytochrome using two compatible plasmids, we developed a system to produce phytochromes with various chromophores in Escherichia coli. Through the selection of different bilin reductases, apophytochromes were assembled with phytochromobilin, phycocyanobilin, and phycoerythrobilin. The blue‐shifted difference spectra of truncated phytochromes were observed with a phycocyanobilin chromophore compared to a phytochromobilin chromophore. When the phycoerythrobilin biosynthetic enzymes were co‐expressed, E. coli cells accumulated orange‐fluorescent phytochrome. The metabolic engineering of bacteria for the production of various bilins for assembly into phytochromes will facilitate the molecular analysis of photoreceptors.Keywords
This publication has 29 references indexed in Scilit:
- Engineering Escherichia coli to see lightNature, 2005
- Biosynthesis of chromophores for phytochrome and related photoreceptorsPlant Biotechnology, 2005
- Functional Analysis of a 450–Amino Acid N-Terminal Fragment of Phytochrome B in ArabidopsisPlant Cell, 2004
- Expression and Biochemical Properties of a Ferredoxin-Dependent Heme Oxygenase Required for Phytochrome Chromophore SynthesisPlant Physiology, 2002
- Functional Genomic Analysis of the HY2 Family of Ferredoxin-Dependent Bilin Reductases from Oxygenic Photosynthetic OrganismsPlant Cell, 2001
- The Arabidopsis HY2 Gene Encodes Phytochromobilin Synthase, a Ferredoxin-Dependent Biliverdin ReductasePlant Cell, 2001
- Chromophore−Apoprotein Interactions in Synechocystis sp. PCC6803 Phytochrome Cph1Biochemistry, 2000
- The Arabidopsis Photomorphogenic Mutant hy1 Is Deficient in Phytochrome Chromophore Biosynthesis as a Result of a Mutation in a Plastid Heme OxygenasePlant Cell, 1999
- Novel phytochrome sequences in Arabidopsis thaliana: structure, evolution, and differential expression of a plant regulatory photoreceptor family.Genes & Development, 1989
- A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye bindingAnalytical Biochemistry, 1976