Increased hepatic fat in overweight Hispanic youth influenced by interaction between genetic variation in PNPLA3 and high dietary carbohydrate and sugar consumption
Open Access
- 1 December 2010
- journal article
- Published by Elsevier BV in The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
- Vol. 92 (6), 1522-1527
- https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.2010.30185
Abstract
Background: Recently, a genetic variant (rs738409; C→G) of the PNPLA3 gene was identified to be associated with increased hepatic fat deposition, and the effect was more pronounced in Hispanics. Animal models have also shown that PNPLA3 expression can be regulated by dietary carbohydrate. Objective: The aim of this study was to examine whether the influence of PNPLA3 genotype on hepatic fat is modulated by dietary factors in Hispanic children. Design:PNPLA3 was genotyped in 153 Hispanic children (75% female, ages 8–18 y) by using the TaqMan method. Dietary intake was assessed by using three 24-h dietary recalls or diet records. Visceral adipose tissue (VAT), subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue (SAAT), and hepatic fat fraction (HFF) were assessed in multiple abdominal slices by magnetic resonance imaging. Analysis of covariance was used to assess the diet × genotype interaction in liver fat, with the following a priori covariates: sex, age, energy, VAT, and SAAT. Results: HFF was influenced by a significant interaction between genotype and diet (genotype × carbohydrate, P = 0.04; genotype × total sugar, P = 0.01). HFF was positively related to carbohydrate (r = 0.31, P = 0.04) and total sugar (r = 0.34, P = 0.02) intakes but only in the GG group, independent of covariates. Dietary variables were not related to HFF in the CC or CG group or to other fat depots in all genotype groups. Conclusions: These findings suggest that Hispanic children carrying the GG genotype are susceptible to increased hepatic fat when dietary carbohydrate intake, specifically sugar, is high. Specific dietary interventions based on genetic predisposition in this population may lead to more effective therapeutic outcomes for fatty liver. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00697580, 195-1642394A1, and NCT00693511.Keywords
This publication has 29 references indexed in Scilit:
- Interventions for improving metabolic risk in overweight Latino youthPediatric Obesity, 2010
- Effects of PNPLA3 on Liver Fat and Metabolic Profile in Hispanic Children and AdolescentsDiabetes, 2010
- A feed-forward loop amplifies nutritional regulation of PNPLA3Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2010
- Weight Loss Reduces Liver Fat and Improves Hepatic and Skeletal Muscle Insulin Sensitivity in Obese AdolescentsObesity, 2009
- Randomized Control Trial to Improve Adiposity and Insulin Resistance in Overweight Latino AdolescentsObesity, 2009
- Genetic variation in PNPLA3 confers susceptibility to nonalcoholic fatty liver diseaseNature Genetics, 2008
- Prevalence of Fatty Liver in Children and AdolescentsPediatrics, 2006
- Effect of changes on body weight and lifestyle in nonalcoholic fatty liver diseaseJournal of Hepatology, 2005
- Dietary Assessment Methods among School-Aged Children: Validity and ReliabilityPreventive Medicine, 2000
- Allelic discrimination using fluorogenic probes and the 5′ nuclease assayGenetic Analysis: Biomolecular Engineering, 1999