Abstract
Although renal transplantation had been performed sporadically during the first half of the 1900s, 1 Moore F.D. Transplant, the give and take of tissue transplantation. Simon and Schuster, NY 1972: 66 Google Scholar 2 Groth C.E. Landmarks in clinical renal transplantation. Surg Gynecol Obstet. 1972; 134 : 323-328 Google Scholar planned programs for human organ transplantation started only in the late 1940s. At that time, clinicians in Paris, London, Edinburgh, and Boston began renal transplantation in unmodified human recipients in spite of the warnings and pessimistic predictions of many scientists and experienced clinicians.