Epidemiology and Staging of Renal Cell Carcinoma
Open Access
- 20 February 2014
- journal article
- review article
- Published by Georg Thieme Verlag KG in Seminars in Interventional Radiology
- Vol. 31 (01), 003-008
- https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0033-1363837
Abstract
Incidence and mortality trends attributed to kidney cancer exhibit marked regional variability, likely related to demographic, environmental, and genetic factors. Efforts to identify reversible factors, which lead to the development of renal cell carcinoma (RCC), have led not only to a greater understanding of the etiology of RCC but also the genetic and histologic characteristics of renal tumors. This article describes this evolution by discussing contemporary RCC incidence and mortality data, the risk factors for development of RCC, the histologic features, and anatomic and integrated staging systems that guide treatment.Keywords
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